Task: Completing Chapter 1
1.1 Introduction
Health is a physical, mental and social well-being state in its entirety. A people need a healthy diet and must exercise regularly for a healthy life cycle. People also have to live in a nice shelter, sleep well and have good hygiene habits.
When one or more organs or systems of the body are adversely affected as they are interrupted in their normal functioning, that means their body are not healthy and have a disease. Disease means the body feel unwell or body dysfunction. That is why people need to be aware with their health. The most important thing is to check on body heart rate.
Heart rate device is really popular nowadays. People often use it during working, resting and also exercising. Even though most country has people with health problem, not forget there are also people that really care about their health by keep themselves fit most of the time. However, most device are designed to the normal people but how about for disabled?
This chapter will describe regarding the background of the project which regarding heart rate device for blind persons, problem statement which lead to the design of this project, objective, scope and limitations of the project. It also has significance of the project to make it more details.
1.2 Background of the Project
This project is designed to help people especially the blind to measure their heart rate by their own at home as rather than they need to go to the clinic or hospital to measure their own heart rate. Besides, this device also is a user-friendly de where the blind persons do not require other people to assist them in measuring their heart rate as there is braille at the button which defines the functions of button.
Pulse sensor is used in this project where it will measure the current heart rate of a person in beat per minute (BPM) and status of heart rate will be delivered through earphone. The track will be played to the earphone simultaneously when the pulse sensor detects the heartbeat.
Other than that, blind persons can save their heart beat via Microsoft Spreadsheet. Since the blind persons are computer tolerance, they can measure their heart beat by their own. The cloud also included in this project to record the data of the patient.
1.3 Problem Statement
According to WHO, 17 million people die from cardiovascular disease which makes up to 31% of the deaths worldwide. There have been many cases where one of these individuals has heart attack without any preparation to them their heart rate first.
This heart rate device, in part, is designed to give these individuals a better chance of survival by monitoring their heart rate independently. Being a user-friendly project exactly makes the task of measuring heart rate easier thus become a highly valuable evaluation tool.
The design goal for this project is to develop a method to prevent patient from this disease. By making a self-checkup is with a portable and user-friendly heart rate monitor, especially for blind people they can be independently ready for anything at any cost.
1.3 Objectives of the Project
There were four objectives of this project:
i. To design a heart rate device using pulse sensor.
ii. To develop a clear hearing aid for blind person.
iii. To save data locally in the Microsoft Excel.
iv. To send and record the data by using IoT.
Pulse sensor should be used to design a heart rate device. The LED on the sensor's front side is mounted on the fingertip or ear tip directly on top of a vein in human body. It falls directly on the vein as light is produced by the LED. When the heart pumps to all part of body, the veins will have blood flow inside. When the blood flow is monitored and observed, the heart beats can also be monitored indirectly. If the blood flow is identified, the ambient light sensor will receive more light as the blood will reflect it.
As the blind persons were unable to see, a clear hearing aid has been developed for this project. Most heart rate device in the world uses monitor LCD display to shows the reading of heart rate. For this project, LCD display has been substituted with earphone to deliver the heart rate information. Earphone was used instead of speaker to provide a clear hearing aid and avoid noise from the surrounding.
This project also can save the heart rate information in Microsoft Excel. A software named PLX-DAQ has been used to save and record the heart rate data from the pulse sensor. Pulse sensor has to be programmed by the microcontroller called Arduino Uno.
The most important thing was to save and record the data to the IoT. By sending the heart rate data to the IoT, doctors can easily diagnose the patient from distance.
1.4 Significance of the Project
Even if the user of heart rate device was not a sportsman, the heart rate knowledge may help to monitor the level of fitness and may even help to spot health conditions developing. The number of times the heart beats per minute is heart rate or pulse. Normal heart rate may be different from individual to individual. Knowing owns can be a big gage of heart health.
In the early 1980s, David Scott, a five-time winner of the Ironman Triathlon was presented a clinic in Florida on training and racing to a group of endurance athletes. One of the triathletes asked him on how important is it to monitor heart rate. He replied the cause of the heart rate and respiratory was higher during highly intensive training but without no reference on textbook. He kept do on research on heart rate monitor and it has been used worldwide.
For this project, heart rate devices were not specially designed for disabled like blind persons. Most heart rate device occupied with display to inform the user, but how to inform the blind persons? This project will propose on developing heart rate device for blind persons with the data recorded locally and send through the Internet. When the heart rate data was sent to the Internet to let the diagnosis from the doctors, it will make the task easier.
If you are on a beta blocker to lower your heart rate or regulate an irregular rhythm (arrhythmia), doctor can asked to observe and record the heart rate. Checking up on the heart rate will help doctor decide if a person want to change the dosage or turn to another medication.
1.5 Scopes and Limitations of the Project
When design a project, there will be a specially and specific to the task, but it does not mean the project do not have any limitation. The scope and limitation of these project were:
i. Detect heart rate only for human.
ii. Heart rate detection using pulse sensor and put on finger.
iii. Voice output in English Languages.
iv. Only use to measure heart rate than another vital sign.
The heart rate device was only used for human. The pulse sensor should put on the finger to detect the heart rate. Before put on the sensor, make sure the finger was in the good condition with no resistance. Hairy and wet finger may disrupt the reading of the heart rate.
Next, the audio output only in English language to deliver heart rate status to the blind persons. International language has been used so the device can be used by all people. This heart rate measurement device also used to read heart rate only rather than another vital sign.
1.6 Chapter Summary
In the end of chapter, it told about the background of the project, problem statement, objectives of the project which lead to the design of the project, significant, scopes and limitations of the project. This chapter lead on the introduction of this project and know the overview to start on developing a project.
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